The Combined Tactical Systems 4401 is an OC powder filled, non-burning, spin-stabilized round designed to penetrate intermediate barriers of moderate density such as windows, interior dry wall and interior doors. The projectile breaks upon impact and delivers an agent payload of OC powder throughout the target area.

Effectiveness is dependent upon the type of weapon, angle of impact, environmental conditions, and the type of the intermediate barrier. The greatest probability for penetration occurs when the projectile impacts 90° perpendicular to the intermediate barrier. General usage in tactical situations involves intermediate barriers, such as single pane exterior windows, vehicle windows, pressed wood particle doors, 1-2 layers of wallboard, and interior hollow core doors.